Entries Tagged as 'PhD'

University Challenged

Though not as embedded as some, I have spent rather a lot of time in academia. As such, I was interested in the provocative statements in The Decline and Fall of the British University.

In an age where books were scarce, communication was difficult and people who could read and write were almost as rare as the books, it made sense to centralise the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge. If you wanted to learn you headed towards where the books were and the people who could read them and that meant the great universities like Paris and Oxford. Poor communication, expensive reading materials and illiteracy were the foundation blocks for the universities. If today we have excellent communications, free online information and general literacy, we also have an environment in which the universities are struggling to maintain their position.

In the face of this change, British universities are still largely marketing themselves as providers of privilege and mind-broadening experiences. The former selling point is losing weight with the emphasis shifting to the latter. I think the market forces will ultimately cause the product to be updated as students, wary of debt, look for more efficient and flexible ways to learn. MIT and the OU are leading the way here.

LaTeX editor

For those of you obliged to learn the arcane ways of LaTeX I would like to highlight the logically named LateX editor (LEd). I had been using the admirable (if not so helpfully named) TeXnicCenter but a new install prompted me to look around at alternatives. LEd is a rather new one: version 0.46 beta was released on 28 April 2006.

LEd features command completion with pop-up syntax help, code folding, built-in preview, UK spellchecking, multiple clipboards and probably a bunch of other stuff I haven’t yet discovered. It doesn’t compile straight from the install but shouldn’t be too hard to configure with MiKTeX.

advocating paper technology

In my previous PhD post I may have come across as a bit disparaging about paper. In fact, I think it’s wonderful stuff! You can write on it, draw on it, fold it. It’s cheap and it doesn’t need batteries. The problem is that it’s a poor way of storing any quantity of information that you need to refer back to in the future. Searching and copying are painfully slow and it takes up a relatively vast amount of space. A pile of paper(s) is not an efficient data structure.

On the other hand, a pad of paper is an excellent input device. Totally freeform, you can take it out into the sunshine, or wherever, and look like you are writing poetry or a novel. Your mental state changes when you are away from the computer. Your thinking becomes deeper as you break out of the stimulus-response reflex. This also gets you away from the PC and the many distractions therein.

Also, editing a documentfeels (and probably is) much more productive when you print out your draft and then attack it with red ink. Tip: print 2 pages per page if you know how, and leave the backs for additions. When it gets dark (or you get kicked out the pub) you can transcribe all your stuff into the computer which forces you find you to filter it again. As I take the changes I run them through with blue ink. Colours seem to make things more fun anyway.

At the end of the day I feel like I’ve taken a definite step forward rather than just tinkering with a file. Writing and editing on a PC is not as nice anyway. Scrolling up and down is slow compared to flipping to the next page and you know it’s not good for your eyes…

This blog entry started life on a pad.

The Paperless PhD

This is the first (perhaps the last!) of a series of posts about the dirty business of doing a PhD. I may be running on fumes funding-wise in my writing-up phase but I do have the luxury of hindsight and I’ll be indulging that now. This was originally a bit of a waffle but I’ve managed to hack it around a theme: The PhD-drive.

Pretty much the first thing you are told to get stuck into when you embark on your course of research is reading. Lots and lots of reading. The stack of theses, proceedings, technical reports, etc grows a lot faster than the plant you brought at the freshers fair to add life to your desk (that’s what coffee mugs are for, anyway!).

If you are lucky, you’ll have at your disposal a filing cabinet; you should use it to store your sports/gym kit. A few bits of paper can be spread out of your desk and viewed together. A single report can be read and annotated on the train. Once any number of papers start to clump together they become inaccessible, unwieldy and will eventually overwhelm you. Even with a super-efficient filing system, the overhead of maintaining a physical repository of relevant resources is taxing. You need to minimise your reliance on it, treating it as a temporary luxury.

Fortunately, a lot of publications are now becoming available electronically. Proceedings are coming out on CD and papers and technical reports can be found from Google Scholar and CiteSeer. Sometimes you can even get pre-prints from a researcher’s homepage. This means, at least for technical fields, that the vast majority of sources already comes nicely bundled in PDF format. What’s the point of that, you ask, when you can decorate paper copies with highlighter and coffee-rings before tidily filing them under first author in your spacious filing cabinet? If this isn’t yet clear then go ahead and come back later. Even if you are super-organised, I would say there is a more efficient way to organise it all. Factor in the inevitable ‘who said that’ problem and we are scrabbling for an alternative.

My suggestion is to get a decent USB drive solely for the purpose of getting all your stuff together; we’ll call it the PhD-drive. For just a few quid you can get something that will contain everything you need (512Mb accomodates me fine). True, you can’t whip out your USB drive whilst sitting under a tree on campus and work - you’ll need a laptop for that.

Here’s an important point: having a laptop is extremely useful for working away from your desk but do NOT use it as a critical storage device. Laptops are liable to get nicked, broken or lost.

USB drives are much more robust and portable (neck or key-chain). This means you can be working in the lab, at home, at your parents. Moreover, you can put a plain text file at the top level of your PhD drive with your contact details and a promise a reward for return. Even better, permanently mark the case with your e-mail or mobile number. If you’ve backed up recently then you don’t even need to offer a reward beyond the degraded value of the device. A simple way to backup to your desktop is to use the old ‘Briefcase’ folder. Create one and then drag important folders to it from your PhD drive. Then, whenever you’ve changed anything you can update your backup with a couple of clicks.

My PhD drive contains (amongst other stuff):

  • Paper respository
  • PhD wiki (more later)
  • Master copy of thesis draft
  • Own publications and presentation
  • Code backup
  • Portable FireFox browser (master-password protected)

Beyond being a repository for papers, you can also use your PhD drive as your notebook for storing ideas, progress, memos plans, whatever. This has major advantages over a paper one:

  • Safer. Have you seen that episode of Blackadder with Dr Johnson’s Dictionary? How are you going to back up a paper notebook without wasting time in the photocopier room?
  • Portability. Paper is actually quite heavy. Even double-sided, multiple-pages-per-sheet can only go so far to lighten a thesis.
  • Speed. I type faster than I write and it’s far more legible.
  • Easily searched, editted and restructured. This reduces the probability of a Write Once, Read Never (WORN) model.

What format to store your notes? A naive approach would use a set of simple text files (or worse, Word files!). A infinitely better solution, in my humble opinion, is provided by whimsically-named TiddlyWiki.

I’ve raved about TW before and I won’t stop now. TiddlyWiki is single webpage (a HTML file) that contains slick javascript so that you can add, edit and restructure its content right in the browser without seeing any of the clever gubbins underneath. It totally rocks and is completely free. It can automatically create tidy backups, be uploaded as a read-only website, blah, blah. The learning curve is almost non-existent although people are always thinking of better ways to use it. You can write summaries of papers and then link directly to them. You can write daily journals of progress and issues. You can jot down ideas and connect them. Try it.

A quick summary…

  • Paper is for reading and for recycling. Have it with you or in the recycle bin.
  • Laptops are for working on, not for storage.
  • Get a good USB drive. Spend time organising it and back it up routinely.
  • Back stuff up routinely. This can be on your PC or Gmailed to yourself.